OBSERVATORY / MACHINE DIRECTORY
Robots
A structured catalog of physical machines working across factories, warehouses, farms, hospitals, oceans and space.
158 published records
Source-labeled records · explicit missing values · current evidence status
SENSE 01 / machines
DECIDE 02 / machines
ACT 03 / machines
VISUAL INDEX / 158
Every image identifies the real indexed system. Evidence labels still distinguish confirmed facts, manufacturer claims, reporting and estimates.
Visual field cards / 158
01
humanoid
Image: Figure ↗
Figure production ramp
Figure 03 is Figure's current third-generation humanoid platform, designed around its Helix AI system. Specifications and deployment results below are attributed to Figure.
Maker / organization Figure
Place / year United States · 2025
02
humanoid
Image: Boston Dynamics ↗
Boston Dynamics industrial pilot
The current electric Atlas is Boston Dynamics' industrial humanoid platform. Product-page values are manufacturer specifications.
Maker / organization Boston Dynamics
Place / year United States · 2024
03
humanoid
Image: Unitree Robotics ↗
Unitree Robotics commercially available
G1 is a compact humanoid platform sold in configurations for education, research and development. Prices and configurations can change.
Maker / organization Unitree Robotics
Place / year China · 2024
04
medical robotic-assisted surgical system
Image: Intuitive ↗
Intuitive Surgical commercial deployment
da Vinci 5 is Intuitive's fifth-generation multiport robotic-assisted surgical system; the FDA provided 510(k) clearance in March 2024 for specified uses.
Maker / organization Intuitive Surgical
Place / year United States · 2024
05
humanoid
Image: Apptronik ↗
Apptronik pilot program
Apollo is Apptronik's electric humanoid platform for industrial pilot programs. Listed specifications come from its launch announcement.
Maker / organization Apptronik
Place / year United States · 2023
06
humanoid
Image: Sanctuary AI ↗
Sanctuary AI pilot program
Phoenix is Sanctuary AI's general-purpose humanoid platform, paired with the company's AI control system.
Maker / organization Sanctuary AI
Place / year Canada · 2023
07
agricultural robot
Image: Carbon Robotics ↗
Carbon Robotics commercial deployment
LaserWeeder is a tractor-towed agricultural system that uses cameras, computer vision and lasers for targeted weed control.
Maker / organization Carbon Robotics
Place / year United States · 2022
08
uncrewed surface vessel
Image: Saildrone ↗
Saildrone commercial deployment
Voyager is an uncrewed surface vehicle for ocean mapping, maritime domain awareness and data collection.
Maker / organization Saildrone
Place / year United States · 2022
09
humanoid
Image: Steve Jurvetson ↗
Tesla development
Optimus is Tesla's general-purpose humanoid development program. Public performance and production statements should be treated as company claims until independently verified.
Maker / organization Tesla
Place / year United States · 2021
10
construction autonomy system
Image: Built Robotics, Inc. / Wikimedia Commons ↗
Built Robotics commercial deployment
Exosystem is an autonomy retrofit system for selected heavy construction equipment.
Maker / organization Built Robotics
Place / year United States · 2020
11
space planetary Mars rover
Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech ↗
NASA/JPL operational
Perseverance is NASA's Mars 2020 rover, built to study Jezero Crater, cache samples and demonstrate exploration technologies.
Maker / organization NASA/JPL
Place / year United States · 2020
12
quadruped inspection robot
Image: Boston Dynamics ↗
Boston Dynamics commercially available
Spot is a commercial quadruped mobile robot used for remote inspection, sensing and data collection.
Maker / organization Boston Dynamics
Place / year United States · 2020
13
humanoid
Image: Agility Robotics ↗
Agility Robotics commercial deployment
Digit is a bipedal material-handling robot designed to operate in human-oriented logistics and manufacturing spaces.
Maker / organization Agility Robotics
Place / year United States · 2019
14
industrial collaborative robot
Image: FANUC America ↗
FANUC commercially available
CRX is FANUC's family of collaborative robot arms for lighter-payload industrial tasks.
Maker / organization FANUC
Place / year Japan · 2019
15
warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: Locus Robotics ↗
Locus Robotics commercial deployment
Locus Origin is an autonomous mobile robot used in directed picking and material-movement workflows.
Maker / organization Locus Robotics
Place / year United States · 2016
16
industrial articulated robot
Image: ABB Robotics ↗
ABB commercially available
IRB 6700 is ABB's family of large six-axis industrial robots for heavy material handling and process applications.
Maker / organization ABB
Place / year Switzerland · 2013
17
industrial collaborative robot
Image: KUKA ↗
KUKA commercially available
LBR iiwa is a seven-axis lightweight robot arm with joint torque sensing for sensitive automation tasks.
Maker / organization KUKA
Place / year Germany · 2013
18
warehouse automation
Image: Symbotic ↗
Symbotic commercial deployment
The Symbotic System combines robots, storage structures and orchestration software for case handling in distribution centers.
Maker / organization Symbotic
Place / year United States · 2012
19
autonomous underwater vehicle
Image: Kongsberg Discovery ↗
Kongsberg Maritime commercial deployment
HUGIN is a family of autonomous underwater vehicles for seabed mapping, inspection and defense-related missions.
Maker / organization Kongsberg Maritime
Place / year Norway · 1993
20
space Mars rover
Image: European Space Agency ↗
European Space Agency development
ExoMars rover designed to travel across Mars and drill below the surface in search of evidence relevant to past life.
Maker / organization European Space Agency
Place / year Europe · 2028
21
education and research humanoid robot
Image: NEURA Robotics ↗
NEURA Robotics announced
4NE1 Mini is a compact cognitive humanoid offered in Standard and Pro versions for classrooms, labs and prototyping. The Pro configuration adds manipulation and developer interfaces.
Maker / organization NEURA Robotics
Place / year Germany · 2026
22
commercial service humanoid robot
Image: UBTECH Robotics ↗
UBTECH Robotics commercially available
Walker C1 is a commercial service humanoid positioned for customer-facing interaction, guided service and adaptable movement in public indoor spaces.
Maker / organization UBTECH Robotics
Place / year China · 2026
23
industrial campus delivery robot
Image: Cartken ↗
Cartken commercially available
Cartken Hauler is a heavy-duty indoor-outdoor AMR for moving materials between buildings, production zones and warehouse areas.
Maker / organization Cartken
Place / year United States · 2025
24
wheeled humanoid service robot
Image: UBTECH Robotics ↗
UBTECH Robotics commercially available
Cruzr S2 combines a humanoid upper body with an omnidirectional mobile base for service, interaction and light object handling in indoor environments.
Maker / organization UBTECH Robotics
Place / year China · 2025
25
home humanoid robot
Image: 1X Technologies ↗
1X Technologies preorder
NEO is a home-oriented humanoid designed for household assistance and human-safe manipulation. 1X presents it as a general home robot with conversational and task-execution abilities.
Maker / organization 1X Technologies
Place / year Norway · 2025
26
sidewalk last-mile delivery robot
Image: Serve Robotics ↗
Serve Robotics commercial deployment
Serve's third-generation delivery robot is the company's production sidewalk platform for restaurant and local-commerce deliveries.
Maker / organization Serve Robotics
Place / year United States · 2025
27
compact humanoid robot
Image: Unitree Robotics ↗
Unitree Robotics commercially available
R1 is a compact Unitree humanoid available in Air, standard and EDU configurations. Its product page emphasizes agile motion, multimodal voice-and-image interaction and open…
Maker / organization Unitree Robotics
Place / year China · 2025
28
commercial service humanoid robot
Image: UBTECH Robotics ↗
UBTECH Robotics commercially available
Walker C is a full-size commercial humanoid for reception, guidance and interactive service in human environments.
Maker / organization UBTECH Robotics
Place / year China · 2025
29
industrial humanoid robot
Image: UBTECH Robotics ↗
UBTECH Robotics commercial deployment
Walker S2 is an industrial humanoid designed for continuous factory work. UBTECH documents autonomous battery swapping, binocular stereo vision and load handling across a…
Maker / organization UBTECH Robotics
Place / year China · 2025
30
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: HII ↗
HII commercially available
Portable autonomous underwater vehicle designed for rapid deployment, survey, research, and selected defense missions.
Maker / organization HII
Place / year United States · 2024
31
industrial humanoid robot
Image: UBTECH Robotics ↗
UBTECH Robotics commercial deployment
Walker S1 is UBTECH's industrial humanoid for multi-task factory scenarios, including material movement, inspection and station-side handling.
Maker / organization UBTECH Robotics
Place / year China · 2024
32
agricultural autonomous mobile robot
Image: Snohomish County official Agriculture Technology Program / Burro ↗
Burro commercially available
Autonomous mobile work platform designed to follow people, move materials, and travel repeated routes on farms and other outdoor sites.
Maker / organization Burro
Place / year United States · 2023
33
space lunar hopping robot
Image: JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ↗
JAXA mission complete
Small hopping lunar excursion vehicle deployed during the SLIM landing mission.
Maker / organization JAXA
Place / year Japan · 2023
34
space lunar rover
Image: Indian Space Research Organisation ↗
ISRO mission complete
Six-wheeled lunar rover carried by Chandrayaan-3's Vikram lander for in-situ elemental measurements near the lunar south polar region.
Maker / organization ISRO
Place / year India · 2023
35
space transformable lunar robot
Image: TOMY Company / JAXA / Sony Group / Doshisha University ↗
JAXA and partners mission complete
Small transformable lunar robot deployed by SLIM to move on the surface and photograph the lander.
Maker / organization JAXA and partners
Place / year Japan · 2023
36
general-purpose humanoid robot
Image: Unitree Robotics ↗
Unitree Robotics commercially available
H1 is Unitree's full-size general-purpose humanoid platform for dynamic locomotion and embodied-AI development.
Maker / organization Unitree Robotics
Place / year China · 2023
37
agricultural autonomous tractor
Image: AgXeed ↗
AgXeed commercially available
Tracked autonomous agricultural vehicle designed to pull compatible field implements.
Maker / organization AgXeed
Place / year Netherlands · 2022
38
autonomous agricultural tractor
Image: John Deere official YouTube channel ↗
John Deere commercial deployment
Autonomous tractor using cameras and machine learning to perform bounded tillage work under remote monitoring.
Maker / organization John Deere
Place / year United States · 2022
39
agricultural precision spraying robot
Image: John Deere ↗
John Deere commercially available
Camera- and machine-learning-equipped spraying system that identifies crops and weeds for targeted application.
Maker / organization John Deere
Place / year United States · 2022
40
agricultural electric autonomous tractor
Image: Monarch Tractor ↗
Monarch Tractor commercially available
Electric compact tractor with driver-assistance, remote operation, and autonomous operating modes for supported farm tasks.
Maker / organization Monarch Tractor
Place / year United States · 2022
41
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: HII ↗
HII commercially available
Long-endurance medium-class autonomous underwater vehicle designed for modular payload and survey missions.
Maker / organization HII
Place / year United States · 2022
42
agricultural precision application robot
Image: Verdant Robotics ↗
Verdant Robotics commercial deployment
Tractor-mounted robotic system designed for plant-level application and field data collection.
Maker / organization Verdant Robotics
Place / year United States · 2022
43
agricultural modular field robot
Image: farm-ng ↗
farm-ng commercially available
Modular electric mobile robot intended for farm automation, research, and compatible tool integration.
Maker / organization farm-ng
Place / year United States · 2022
44
agricultural precision spraying robot
Image: Ecorobotix ↗
Ecorobotix commercially available
Camera-guided tractor implement designed to apply treatments selectively to individual plants.
Maker / organization Ecorobotix
Place / year Switzerland · 2021
45
space station robotic arm
Image: European Space Agency ↗
European Space Agency operational
Walking robotic arm mounted on the Russian segment of the International Space Station for payload and maintenance tasks.
Maker / organization European Space Agency
Place / year Europe · 2021
46
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: Oceaneering ↗
Oceaneering commercially available
Hybrid autonomous underwater vehicle designed for survey and inspection of subsea infrastructure.
Maker / organization Oceaneering
Place / year United States · 2021
47
medical robotic-assisted surgical system
Image: Medtronic ↗
Medtronic commercial deployment
Modular robotic-assisted surgery platform designed for surgeon-controlled minimally invasive procedures where authorized.
Maker / organization Medtronic
Place / year Ireland · 2021
48
agricultural vineyard robot
Image: Naïo Technologies ↗
Naïo Technologies discontinued
Compact electric crawler developed to carry tools for work between vineyard rows; Naïo says the model is no longer manufactured, sold, or supported.
Maker / organization Naïo Technologies
Place / year France · 2021
49
agricultural field robot
Image: Naïo Technologies ↗
Naïo Technologies commercially available
Autonomous tool-carrier platform developed for crop-row operations including precision weeding.
Maker / organization Naïo Technologies
Place / year France · 2021
50
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: HII Mission Technologies ↗
HII commercially available
Modular autonomous underwater vehicle developed for portable survey and mine-countermeasure missions.
Maker / organization HII
Place / year United States · 2021
51
medical orthopedic surgical robot
Image: Zimmer Biomet ↗
Zimmer Biomet commercially available
Robotic platform designed to assist planning and component positioning in supported hip replacement workflows.
Maker / organization Zimmer Biomet
Place / year United States · 2021
52
agricultural harvesting robot
Image: Tortuga AgTech official YouTube channel ↗
Tortuga AgTech commercial deployment
Mobile crop-harvesting robot developed to identify and pick ripe fruit in commercial production environments.
Maker / organization Tortuga AgTech
Place / year United States · 2021
53
commercial service humanoid robot
Image: UBTECH Robotics ↗
UBTECH Robotics research and demonstration
Walker X is a bipedal service humanoid with vision-based navigation, hand-eye coordination and human-interaction functions.
Maker / organization UBTECH Robotics
Place / year China · 2021
54
medical orthopedic surgical robot
Image: Smith+Nephew ↗
Smith+Nephew commercially available
Handheld robotic-assisted platform supporting planning and bone preparation in specified knee procedures.
Maker / organization Smith+Nephew
Place / year United Kingdom · 2020
55
medical robotic magnetic navigation system
Image: Stereotaxis ↗
Stereotaxis commercially available
Robotic magnetic navigation system designed to steer compatible magnetic interventional devices under physician control.
Maker / organization Stereotaxis
Place / year United States · 2020
56
space Mars helicopter
Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech ↗
NASA/JPL retired
Experimental rotorcraft that demonstrated powered, controlled flight on Mars and later performed scouting flights.
Maker / organization NASA/JPL
Place / year United States · 2020
57
agricultural robotic cultivator
Image: Stout Industrial Technology ↗
Stout Industrial Technology commercially available
Vision-guided tractor implement designed to cultivate around crop plants within and between rows.
Maker / organization Stout Industrial Technology
Place / year United States · 2020
58
medical microsurgery robot
Image: Medical Microinstruments ↗
Medical Microinstruments commercial deployment
Surgeon-controlled robotic system designed to scale hand motion for open microsurgical procedures.
Maker / organization Medical Microinstruments
Place / year Italy · 2020
59
space free-flying robot
Image: NASA ↗
NASA Ames operational
Cube-shaped free-flying robots used inside the International Space Station for research and technology demonstrations.
Maker / organization NASA Ames
Place / year United States · 2019
60
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: General Dynamics Mission Systems official YouTube channel ↗
General Dynamics Mission Systems commercially available
Modular autonomous underwater vehicle designed for survey and search operations.
Maker / organization General Dynamics Mission Systems
Place / year United States · 2019
61
medical surgical alignment robot
Image: Brainlab ↗
Brainlab commercially available
Lightweight modular robotic system that aligns to patient-specific trajectories while the surgeon remains in control.
Maker / organization Brainlab
Place / year Germany · 2019
62
medical rehabilitation exoskeleton
Image: Ekso Bionics ↗
Ekso Bionics commercially available
Powered lower-limb exoskeleton used by trained clinicians in supervised neurorehabilitation programs.
Maker / organization Ekso Bionics
Place / year United States · 2019
63
medical robotic bronchoscopy system
Image: Intuitive Surgical press resources ↗
Intuitive Surgical commercially available
Robotic-assisted bronchoscopy platform designed to help physicians navigate a flexible catheter to peripheral lung lesions for biopsy.
Maker / organization Intuitive Surgical
Place / year United States · 2019
64
medical orthopedic surgical robot
Image: Zimmer Biomet ↗
Zimmer Biomet commercially available
Robotic surgical assistant that provides planning data and instrument positioning support during specified knee procedures.
Maker / organization Zimmer Biomet
Place / year United States · 2019
65
medical robotic-assisted surgical system
Image: CMR Surgical ↗
CMR Surgical commercial deployment
Modular surgeon-controlled robotic system developed for minimally invasive surgery.
Maker / organization CMR Surgical
Place / year United Kingdom · 2019
66
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: General Dynamics Mission Systems official YouTube channel ↗
General Dynamics Mission Systems commercially available
Portable autonomous underwater vehicle designed for survey, search, and environmental monitoring missions.
Maker / organization General Dynamics Mission Systems
Place / year United States · 2018
67
agricultural seeding and weeding robot
Image: FarmDroid ↗
FarmDroid commercially available
Solar-powered field robot that records seed positions for subsequent inter-row and intra-row mechanical weeding.
Maker / organization FarmDroid
Place / year Denmark · 2018
68
agricultural autonomous sprayer
Image: GUSS Automation ↗
GUSS Automation commercial deployment
Driverless orchard sprayer operated as part of a remotely supervised fleet.
Maker / organization GUSS Automation
Place / year United States · 2018
69
space Mars lander
Image: NASA Science ↗
NASA/JPL retired
Stationary Mars lander that used a robotic arm to place geophysical instruments on the surface.
Maker / organization NASA/JPL
Place / year United States · 2018
70
medical hospital service robot
Image: Diligent Robotics ↗
Diligent Robotics commercial deployment
Mobile manipulation robot designed to move supplies and perform selected non-clinical logistics tasks in hospitals.
Maker / organization Diligent Robotics
Place / year United States · 2018
71
underwater remotely operated vehicle
Image: Deep Trekker ↗
Deep Trekker commercially available
Portable tethered remotely operated vehicle designed for underwater inspection with an articulating camera head and optional tools.
Maker / organization Deep Trekker
Place / year Canada · 2018
72
agricultural field robot
Image: SwarmFarm Robotics ↗
SwarmFarm Robotics commercial deployment
Autonomous field platform designed to run compatible implements in coordinated farm operations.
Maker / organization SwarmFarm Robotics
Place / year Australia · 2018
73
medical single-port robotic-assisted surgical system
Image: Intuitive Surgical ↗
Intuitive Surgical commercially available
Single-port robotic-assisted surgical system that routes an articulating camera and instruments through one cannula for indicated procedures.
Maker / organization Intuitive Surgical
Place / year United States · 2018
74
medical spine surgical robot
Image: Globus Medical ↗
Globus Medical commercially available
Robotic navigation platform designed to assist instrument guidance and implant placement in supported spine procedures.
Maker / organization Globus Medical
Place / year United States · 2017
75
underwater remotely operated vehicle
Image: VideoRay ↗
VideoRay commercially available
Portable observation-class remotely operated vehicle with configurable thrusters, sensors, and manipulators.
Maker / organization VideoRay
Place / year United States · 2017
76
agricultural vineyard robot
Image: Naïo Technologies ↗
Naïo Technologies commercially available
Electric straddle robot designed to carry tools and perform work between vineyard rows.
Maker / organization Naïo Technologies
Place / year France · 2017
77
medical robotic-assisted surgical system
Image: Asensus Surgical ↗
Asensus Surgical commercially available
Digital laparoscopic platform offering surgeon-controlled robotic instrumentation and visualization features for authorized procedures.
Maker / organization Asensus Surgical
Place / year United States · 2017
78
underwater remotely operated vehicle
Image: Blue Robotics ↗
Blue Robotics commercially available
Open-platform remotely operated underwater vehicle used in education, research, and inspection projects.
Maker / organization Blue Robotics
Place / year United States · 2016
79
agricultural weeding robot
Image: Naïo Technologies ↗
Naïo Technologies discontinued
Straddle field robot developed for mechanical weeding in large-scale vegetable beds.
Maker / organization Naïo Technologies
Place / year France · 2016
80
space sample acquisition arm
Image: NASA Science ↗
NASA and Lockheed Martin mission complete
Robotic sample-acquisition arm used by OSIRIS-REx to collect material from asteroid Bennu.
Maker / organization NASA and Lockheed Martin
Place / year United States · 2016
81
medical neurosurgical robot
Image: Zimmer Biomet ↗
Zimmer Biomet commercially available
Robot-assisted platform for planning and positioning instruments in specified minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures.
Maker / organization Zimmer Biomet
Place / year United States · 2016
82
underwater remotely operated vehicle
Image: Schmidt Ocean Institute ↗
Schmidt Ocean Institute operational
Remotely operated deep-sea research vehicle aboard Falkor (too), equipped for imaging, sampling, and scientific instrument deployment.
Maker / organization Schmidt Ocean Institute
Place / year United States · 2016
83
medical powered exoskeleton
Image: ReWalk Robotics ↗
ReWalk Robotics commercially available
Wearable powered exoskeleton designed to enable eligible users with spinal-cord injury to stand and walk under prescribed conditions.
Maker / organization ReWalk Robotics
Place / year Israel · 2016
84
medical robotic-assisted surgical system
Image: Intuitive Surgical press resources ↗
Intuitive Surgical commercially available
Multiport robotic-assisted surgical system controlled by a trained surgeon for specified minimally invasive procedures.
Maker / organization Intuitive Surgical
Place / year United States · 2014
85
agricultural weeding robot
Image: Naïo Technologies ↗
Naïo Technologies commercially available
Compact electric field robot designed for weeding and crop-row work in market gardens and similar operations.
Maker / organization Naïo Technologies
Place / year France · 2013
86
underwater hybrid autonomous vehicle
Image: Saab ↗
Saab commercially available
Hybrid AUV/ROV platform designed for autonomous inspection and tethered intervention around subsea infrastructure.
Maker / organization Saab
Place / year United Kingdom · 2013
87
underwater remotely operated vehicle
Image: Saab ↗
Saab commercially available
Work-class electric remotely operated vehicle designed for inspection and intervention missions.
Maker / organization Saab
Place / year United Kingdom · 2013
88
space research humanoid robot
Image: NASA ↗
NASA Johnson Space Center research platform
Valkyrie is NASA's rugged, electric humanoid research platform for degraded human-engineered environments and future remote caretaking tasks on Earth and in space.
Maker / organization NASA Johnson Space Center
Place / year United States · 2013
89
underwater autonomous glider
Image: Teledyne Marine / Webb Research ↗
Teledyne Marine commercially available
Buoyancy-driven autonomous glider designed for persistent oceanographic data collection.
Maker / organization Teledyne Marine
Place / year United States · 2012
90
space Mars rover
Image: NASA Science ↗
NASA/JPL operational
NASA's Mars Science Laboratory rover, designed to investigate whether Gale Crater ever had environments suitable for microbial life.
Maker / organization NASA/JPL
Place / year United States · 2011
91
space humanoid robot
Image: NASA ↗
NASA and General Motors retired
Humanoid research robot developed to study dexterous tasks and human-robot work in space environments.
Maker / organization NASA and General Motors
Place / year United States · 2011
92
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Peter D. Blair / U.S. Navy ↗
General Dynamics Mission Systems commercially available
Large autonomous underwater vehicle developed for deep-water survey and search missions.
Maker / organization General Dynamics Mission Systems
Place / year United States · 2008
93
space station robotic manipulator
Image: Canadian Space Agency ↗
Canadian Space Agency operational
Two-armed robotic handyman on the International Space Station designed for delicate maintenance work outside the station.
Maker / organization Canadian Space Agency
Place / year Canada · 2008
94
agricultural robotic weeder
Image: Garford Farm Machinery ↗
Garford Farm Machinery commercially available
Vision-guided tractor implement that mechanically hoes within crop rows around individual plants.
Maker / organization Garford Farm Machinery
Place / year United Kingdom · 2008
95
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution ↗
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution operational
Deep-ocean autonomous underwater vehicle operated by WHOI for high-resolution seafloor mapping and scientific sensing.
Maker / organization Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Place / year United States · 2008
96
space Mars lander
Image: NASA Science ↗
NASA/JPL and University of Arizona retired
Stationary Mars lander equipped with a robotic arm to excavate and analyze soil and ice in the northern plains.
Maker / organization NASA/JPL and University of Arizona
Place / year United States · 2007
97
space Mars rover
Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech ↗
NASA/JPL retired
Mars Exploration Rover that conducted long-duration surface science in Meridiani Planum.
Maker / organization NASA/JPL
Place / year United States · 2003
98
underwater autonomous glider
Image: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory ↗
Kongsberg Discovery commercially available
Buoyancy-driven autonomous underwater glider used for long-duration oceanographic measurements.
Maker / organization Kongsberg Discovery
Place / year Norway · 2003
99
space Mars rover
Image: NASA ↗
NASA/JPL retired
Mars Exploration Rover that investigated rocks, soils, and geological evidence at Gusev Crater.
Maker / organization NASA/JPL
Place / year United States · 2003
100
underwater remotely operated vehicle
Image: Saab ↗
Saab commercially available
Compact electric remotely operated vehicle used for inspection, observation, and light intervention underwater.
Maker / organization Saab
Place / year United Kingdom · 2002
101
space station robotic arm
Image: Canadian Space Agency ↗
Canadian Space Agency operational
Large robotic arm on the International Space Station used to move payloads, support assembly, and assist visiting vehicles.
Maker / organization Canadian Space Agency
Place / year Canada · 2001
102
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: Teledyne Marine ↗
Teledyne Marine commercially available
Modular portable autonomous underwater vehicle used for survey, monitoring, and search applications.
Maker / organization Teledyne Marine
Place / year Iceland · 2001
103
medical gait rehabilitation robot
Image: Hocoma ↗
Hocoma commercially available
Robotic gait-training system combining a treadmill, body-weight support, and driven leg orthoses for supervised rehabilitation.
Maker / organization Hocoma
Place / year Switzerland · 2001
104
underwater autonomous vehicle
Image: HII Mission Technologies ↗
HII commercially available
Deep-ocean autonomous underwater vehicle designed for long-duration survey and search missions.
Maker / organization HII
Place / year United States · 2001
105
space planetary rover
Image: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona ↗
NASA/JPL retired
Small rover delivered by Mars Pathfinder and the first wheeled vehicle to operate on another planet.
Maker / organization NASA/JPL
Place / year United States · 1996
106
industrial humanoid robot
Image: NEURA Robotics ↗
NEURA Robotics reservation program
4NE1 is a full-size humanoid platform for logistics, manufacturing and assistance tasks. NEURA describes full-body sensing, adaptive control and safe interaction in unstructured…
Maker / organization NEURA Robotics
Place / year Germany
107
indoor food delivery robot
Image: PUDU Robotics ↗
PUDU Robotics commercially available
BellaBot is a multi-tray service robot designed to deliver meals and collect dishes in busy hospitality environments.
Maker / organization PUDU Robotics
Place / year China
108
indoor food delivery robot
Image: PUDU Robotics ↗
PUDU Robotics commercially available
BellaBot Pro is a tray-based indoor delivery robot for restaurants and hospitality venues, combining autonomous navigation with customer-facing interaction.
Maker / organization PUDU Robotics
Place / year China
109
developer humanoid robot
Image: Booster Robotics ↗
Booster Robotics commercially available
Booster T1 is a compact humanoid development platform aimed at universities, labs and robotics teams working on locomotion, control and embodied intelligence.
Maker / organization Booster Robotics
Place / year China
110
space lunar-gateway robotic system
Image: Canadian Space Agency ↗
MDA Space and Canadian Space Agency development
Planned robotic system for the lunar Gateway, comprising a large arm, a smaller dexterous arm, and specialized tools.
Maker / organization MDA Space and Canadian Space Agency
Place / year Canada
111
campus and last-mile delivery robot
Image: Cartken ↗
Cartken commercially available
Cartken Courier is a compact indoor-outdoor delivery AMR for secure, lightweight goods movement across campuses and nearby destinations.
Maker / organization Cartken
Place / year United States
112
building delivery robot
Image: PUDU Robotics ↗
PUDU Robotics commercially available
FlashBot is an enclosed indoor courier robot designed for secure item movement through hotels, offices and other multi-floor buildings.
Maker / organization PUDU Robotics
Place / year China
113
building delivery manipulation robot
Image: PUDU Robotics ↗
PUDU Robotics commercially available
FlashBot Arm combines an enclosed building-delivery base with a robotic arm for operating access controls and completing handoffs across floors.
Maker / organization PUDU Robotics
Place / year China
114
building delivery robot
Image: PUDU Robotics ↗
PUDU Robotics commercially available
FlashBot Max is a larger enclosed delivery robot for moving goods through multi-floor commercial buildings with elevator and access-system integration.
Maker / organization PUDU Robotics
Place / year China
115
defense underwater robot — modular AUV
Image: L3Harris ↗
L3Harris current product offering
Iver4 900 is a modular autonomous underwater vehicle for extended survey, sensing and defense missions, with field-reconfigurable payload and communications sections.
Maker / organization L3Harris
Place / year United States
116
indoor delivery and reception robot
Image: PUDU Robotics ↗
PUDU Robotics commercially available
KettyBot Pro combines tray delivery with a customer-facing display for food service, reception and promotional workflows.
Maker / organization PUDU Robotics
Place / year China
117
medical orthopedic surgical robot
Image: Stryker ↗
Stryker commercially available
Robotic-arm-assisted orthopedic platform combining CT-based planning with haptic boundaries for supported total-knee procedures.
Maker / organization Stryker
Place / year United States
118
defense underwater robot — long-duration UUV demonstrator
Image: Northrop Grumman ↗
Northrop Grumman demonstrator
Manta Ray is a full-scale uncrewed underwater demonstrator developed for long-duration, long-range autonomous missions with modular payloads and low-power seabed hibernation.
Maker / organization Northrop Grumman
Place / year United States
119
industrial warehouse autonomous pallet robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR EU Pallet Lift 1350 adds autonomous EU-pallet pickup and delivery to the heavy-duty MiR1350 platform.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
120
industrial warehouse autonomous pallet robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR EU Pallet Lift 600 combines a MiR600 base and pallet-lift module to collect and deliver EU pallets autonomously.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
121
industrial warehouse autonomous shelf robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR Shelf Carrier 250 is a MiR250 configuration that autonomously collects, moves and returns mobile shelves.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
122
industrial warehouse autonomous shelf robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR Shelf Lift 1350 is the high-payload shelf-lift configuration for autonomous movement of heavy mobile racks and fixtures.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
123
industrial warehouse autonomous shelf robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR Shelf Lift 600 uses the MiR600 platform and lift module to transport loaded shelves through industrial and warehouse facilities.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
124
industrial warehouse autonomous pallet robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR1200 Pallet Jack autonomously detects, picks up and delivers EU pallets in high-throughput internal-logistics workflows.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
125
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR1350 is MiR's heavy-duty AMR for moving pallets and other large loads in demanding production and warehouse environments.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
126
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR250 is a compact AMR for transporting carts, shelves and custom loads through factories and warehouses, including narrow doors and elevators.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
127
industrial warehouse autonomous cart robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR250 Hook pairs the compact MiR250 base with a hook module that detects, couples to and transports carts autonomously.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
128
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: Mobile Industrial Robots ↗
Mobile Industrial Robots commercially available
MiR600 is a high-payload AMR for autonomous pallet and heavy-load movement in factories and warehouses.
Maker / organization Mobile Industrial Robots
Place / year Denmark
129
defense ground robot — compact autonomous UGV
Image: Rheinmetall ↗
Rheinmetall delivered for evaluation
Mission Master SP is a compact electric uncrewed ground vehicle in Rheinmetall's autonomous Mission Master family, configured for evaluation in logistics, observation and…
Maker / organization Rheinmetall
Place / year Canada
130
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON HD-1500 is an autonomous mobile robot configured for high-capacity autonomous movement of large industrial loads. OMRON positions the family for production and intralogistics…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
131
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON LD-250 is an autonomous mobile robot configured for heavier internal transport with route planning and collision avoidance. OMRON positions the family for production and…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
132
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON LD-60 is an autonomous mobile robot configured for lighter-duty transport in constrained production and warehouse spaces. OMRON positions the family for production and…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
133
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON LD-90 is an autonomous mobile robot configured for factory and warehouse material transport with configurable top modules. OMRON positions the family for production and…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
134
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON MD-650 is an autonomous mobile robot configured for mid-range pallet and heavy-load movement. OMRON positions the family for production and intralogistics workflows without fixed…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
135
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON MD-900 is an autonomous mobile robot configured for heavy material movement across industrial facilities. OMRON positions the family for production and intralogistics workflows…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
136
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON OL-450S is an autonomous mobile robot configured for omnidirectional under-load transport. OMRON positions the family for production and intralogistics workflows without fixed…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
137
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON OL-450S Full-Mast is an autonomous mobile robot configured for omnidirectional pallet transport with a full-mast lift configuration. OMRON positions the family for production and…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
138
industrial warehouse autonomous mobile robot
Image: OMRON Robotics and Safety Technologies ↗
OMRON Robotics commercially available
OMRON OL-450S Mid-Mast is an autonomous mobile robot configured for omnidirectional pallet transport with a mid-mast lift configuration. OMRON positions the family for production and…
Maker / organization OMRON Robotics
Place / year Japan
139
defense underwater robot — extra-large UUV
Image: Boeing ↗
Boeing development and testing
Orca is an extra-large uncrewed undersea vehicle program designed for long-range autonomous operation with a modular payload bay and minimal support from a host vessel.
Maker / organization Boeing
Place / year United States
140
industrial delivery autonomous mobile robot
Image: PUDU Robotics ↗
PUDU Robotics commercially available
PUDU T300 is an industrial AMR for line-side delivery, work-in-process movement and quality-inspection transport.
Maker / organization PUDU Robotics
Place / year China
141
indoor delivery robot
Image: PUDU Robotics ↗
PUDU Robotics commercially available
PuduBot 2 is a configurable tray-delivery robot for food service, retail and indoor material movement.
Maker / organization PUDU Robotics
Place / year China
142
research humanoid robot
Image: PAL Robotics ↗
PAL Robotics research platform
REEM-C is a bipedal research humanoid designed for walking, balance, human interaction and software development.
Maker / organization PAL Robotics
Place / year Spain
143
industrial warehouse autonomous lift robot
Image: Seegrid ↗
Seegrid commercially available
Lift CR1 is Seegrid's high-reach autonomous lift truck for heavier pallet handling and vertical storage workflows.
Maker / organization Seegrid
Place / year United States
144
industrial warehouse autonomous lift robot
Image: Seegrid ↗
Seegrid commercially available
Lift EL1 is a compact autonomous lift truck for high-frequency, low-lift pallet moves in constrained warehouse and fulfillment environments.
Maker / organization Seegrid
Place / year United States
145
industrial warehouse autonomous lift robot
Image: Seegrid ↗
Seegrid commercially available
Lift RS1 is an autonomous lift truck for low-lift staging and storage across complex manufacturing and warehouse facilities.
Maker / organization Seegrid
Place / year United States
146
industrial warehouse autonomous tow robot
Image: Seegrid ↗
Seegrid commercially available
Tow Tractor S7 is an autonomous tow vehicle for moving trains of carts and materials over long routes in manufacturing, warehousing and logistics facilities.
Maker / organization Seegrid
Place / year United States
147
hospitality food delivery robot
Image: Bear Robotics ↗
Bear Robotics commercially available
Servi is an autonomous tray-delivery robot that supports food running, table service and dish return in hospitality venues.
Maker / organization Bear Robotics
Place / year United States
148
compact hospitality delivery robot
Image: Bear Robotics ↗
Bear Robotics commercially available
Servi Mini is the compact member of Bear Robotics' delivery family for narrower dining rooms and smaller service routes.
Maker / organization Bear Robotics
Place / year United States
149
high-capacity hospitality delivery robot
Image: Bear Robotics ↗
Bear Robotics commercially available
Servi Plus is the higher-capacity Servi configuration for moving more food or dishes per trip in large hospitality operations.
Maker / organization Bear Robotics
Place / year United States
150
sidewalk last-mile delivery robot
Image: Starship Technologies ↗
Starship Technologies commercial deployment
The E-Model is Starship's sidewalk delivery robot for short-distance food, grocery and package trips, using a locked cargo bay and sensor-rich autonomous navigation.
Maker / organization Starship Technologies
Place / year Not publicly disclosed
151
hospital delivery and cart transport robot
Image: Aethon ↗
Aethon commercial deployment
Aethon's T3 is an autonomous mobile robot that tows carts for hospital supplies, meals, linens and waste workflows.
Maker / organization Aethon
Place / year United States
152
research humanoid robot
Image: PAL Robotics ↗
PAL Robotics research platform
TALOS is a torque-controlled biped developed as a research platform for whole-body control, locomotion and manipulation.
Maker / organization PAL Robotics
Place / year Spain
153
defense ground robot — modular tracked UGV
Image: Milrem Robotics ↗
Milrem Robotics current product offering
THeMIS is a modular tracked uncrewed ground vehicle family that accepts logistics, reconnaissance, engineering and other defense payloads on a common hybrid-electric platform.
Maker / organization Milrem Robotics
Place / year Estonia
154
defense ground robot — tracked robotic combat vehicle
Image: Milrem Robotics ↗
Milrem Robotics development and testing
Type-X is a tracked robotic combat-vehicle platform developed for mechanized-unit support, with remote operation and autonomous functions including waypoint navigation and obstacle…
Maker / organization Milrem Robotics
Place / year Estonia
155
space lunar rover
Image: NASA Science ↗
NASA cancelled
NASA lunar rover built to investigate water ice and other resources near the Moon's south pole; NASA ended the original mission project in 2024.
Maker / organization NASA
Place / year United States
156
defense ground robot — quadruped UGV
Image: Ghost Robotics ↗
Ghost Robotics current product offering
Vision 60 is a modular quadruped uncrewed ground vehicle built for mobility across rough terrain, with perception-assisted walking and route-level autonomy for inspection and defense…
Maker / organization Ghost Robotics
Place / year United States
157
indoor service delivery robot
Image: Aethon ↗
Aethon commercially available
Zena is Aethon's smaller autonomous service robot for moving items and interacting with people in healthcare and hospitality environments.
Maker / organization Aethon
Place / year United States
158
hospital pharmacy delivery robot
Image: Aethon ↗
Aethon commercially available
Zena RX is a secure autonomous courier designed to move medications and other pharmacy materials through hospitals.
Maker / organization Aethon
Place / year United States